Many insect species feed on this plant sagar and harper 1964. The latin is varietas, which is usually abbreviated to var. Though its cousin plantago psyllium is also used for common psyllium husks. This plant can be weedy or invasive according to the authoritative sources noted below.
Its important to note that despite the differences between all of these types of marijuana, they are essentially one species. Index anonymous, 1968, around 200 plantago species. The names indica and sativa refer to the areas where the plants are originally from. Plantago major broadleaf plantain, white mans foot, or greater plantain is a species of flowering plant in the plantain family plantaginaceae. Their leaves can be narrow or broad, depending on the species.
The name follows the genus and species name, with var. The species is rapid to establish, grows on a wide range of agricultural soils and is. Although the plantago major and plantago lanceolata species that were investigated demonstrated different ecophysiological responses to environmental pollution, they can be recommended as unified bioindicators because of their wide dispersion in europe, north america, and other regions of the world, e. The plant list includes 929 scientific plant names of species rank for the genus plantago. In southern ca, plants also occur on gravely, sandy, to clayey loam soils derived from granite, gabbro.
Plantago the flowers of chasmogamous species of plantago have many characteristics related to wind pollination. Its low growing and rosette forming habit makes this species well adapted to intensive treading, grazing and cutting thomet, 1978. The lowest rank in the taxonomic hierarchy below variety, meant to convey. In botanical nomenclature, variety abbreviated var in latin. Species of plantago as sources of medicines since ancient times. In early spring, from a tiny, hard, hedgehoglike cushion of small rosettes, arise attractive, almost stemless flower heads, which carry bright yellow anthers. A comparative study was made of the seeds of the official plantago ovata forskal, the homegrown variety of plantago ovata, and three texas plantago sp. This plant may be known by one or more common names in different places, and some are listed above. Learn more about plantains, their uses, and their history. They are found all over the world including most of the us. The sem observations revealed a significant decrease in the stomata pore length.
Plantaginaceae analysed nucleotide variation in the internal transcribed spacers its of nuclear ribosomal and plastid trnlf regions. Plantago major in traditional persian medicine and modern ncbi. This diminutive, but most attractive high alpine plantain must be the smallest there is. Plantain is truly an adaptable and widespread plant. A comparative study was made of the seeds of the official plantago ovata forskal, the homegrown variety of plantago ovata, and three texas plantago species. This step resulted in a focal list of 64 plant genera in 50 families. Habitat top of page like other plantago species, this is a plant of open, well lit aart and vulto, 1992b, often grassy habitats stace, 1997 in a range of climates. The website also provides access to a database and images of herbarium specimens found at the university of south florida and other herbaria. This species is an alternate host for a number of viruses. Plantago major in the germplasm resources information network grin, u. This plant is commonly used as a medicinal herb in the treatment of a number of diseases related to the skin, respiratory organs, digestive organs, reproduction, circulation, cancer prevention, infectious diseases, for. The investigation was carried out by making morphological and histological comparisons of the seeds and quantitative and. Plantago afra glandular plantain plantago arenaria.
Plantago afra glandular plantain plantago arenaria sand plantain plantago argyrea saltmeadow plantain. Other useful plantago species the seeds of several species, especially plantago afra l. What is the difference between a variety and species. These species of plantago were selected for evaluation of potential use in revegetation plantings, and add. The nonnative taxon may hybridize with native species of plantago. The variety produced significantly higher number of tillers m2 than all other varieties having number of tillers m2, number of. Plantain plantago lanceolata a potential pasture species. Antioxidant activity of plantago species in vegetative and. Plantago seeds are sold in seed form, capsule form, and powder form. A large amount of data about the plantago species usage refers to the leaves both in traditional and modern medicine. Hickman 1993 reports plants on sandy, clayey, and serpentine soils. Department of agriculture agricultural research service.
All species are native to europe except tomentosa rahn, 1996. Included are 57 plantago species, with two aragoa species as the ingroup and three veronica species as the outgroup. Plantago coronopus is native to europe, western asia, and north africa, but is now established in north america and australia. Pregnant women should consult their health practitioner before using plantago seeds.
Most of species from the worldwide distributed plantago genus are greatly used as herbal medicines. Common plantain is an early pioneer species, and it may alter successional regimes. Further studies on texas plantago seeds jones 1955. The alabama plant atlas is a source of data for the distribution of plants within the state as well as taxonomic, conservation, invasive, and wetland information for each species. Biochemical change of seeds and yield of isabgol plantago ovata under biofertilizer, organic manure and chemical. Variety a variety is a plant that is only slightly different from the species plant, but the differences are not so insignificant as the differences in a form. Usda, ars, germplasm resources information network. Culture of plantago species as bioactive components. Pdf nutritional composition of plantago species pmajor l. The atlas of florida plants provides a source of information for the distribution of plants within the state and taxonomic information.
Again, as new strawberry varieties are introduced, we will update this table to reflect recent developments. Plantago major wikispecies wikispecies, free species. There are two species of plantain commonly found growing in lawns and along roadways, plantago major and plantago lanceolata. There are four stamens in most species, with long filaments and versatile anthers. Plantago species have also been used in the treatment of cancer 14. Plantago ovata plants are grasslike in appearance, with leaves in rosettes and. Berries except for blueberries, cranberries and lingon berries. About 85% of plants mostly green, leafy plants and most commercially produced plants. Phylogenetic relationships within plantago plantaginaceae. Within each species, or where appropriate subspecies, it lists the varieties in alphabetical order of their accepted varietal names. The greater plantain plantago major provides seed spikes for bird food. The plant list includes a further 207 scientific plant names of infraspecific rank for the genus plantago. Plantago is commonly referred to as plantain, and there are about 200 species of this small plant that often grow underfoot in many habitats. References listed above in parentheses can be found in full in the original reference.
The nutritional composition of 10 pepper varieties collected from greenhouses in almeria spain, and unanalyzed until now, was determined. There are 16 species of plantago in california, seven of which have been. The website also provides access to a database and images of plants photos and herbarium specimens found at participating herbaria. The catalogue is subdivided according to the species covered by the directive. The plant list is a working list of all known plant species. Are there any precautions for taking plantago seeds. A research trail was carried out to check the comparative yield and yield components of three blond psyllium plantago ovata forsk. The common name plantain is shared with the unrelated cooking plantain, a kind of banana. The plant is native to most of europe and northern and central asia, but has widely naturalised elsewhere in the world plantago major is one of the most abundant and widely distributed medicinal crops in the world. Pdf comparative study on yield and yield components of. Types of mycorrhizal plants mycorrhizal applications, llc.
The plant variety database is the catalog of all plant varieties and their maintainers. Indigenous food and medicine most modern popular literature about the low growing herb we often call plantain tends to focus on plantago major which is deemed to be of european origins, while ignoring the many species which are endemic to north america. Types of mycorrhizal plants endomycorrhizal plants. Plantago asiatica is the primary species used in chinese medicine. The leaf is highly palatable to grazing animals, providing a mineral rich forage. The small plants usually have a dense tuft of basal leaves and long, leafless stalks bearing a terminal spike of small flowers. The leaves of plantago decipiens barneoud goose tongue, seaside plantain are used as a green vegetable or salad. The plant may be an aeroallergen, causing rhinitis or hay fever 11.
Plantain, plantago major and narrow leaf varieties. The edible fruit of plantain bananas has more starch than the common dessert banana and is not eaten raw. Seeds contain high percentage of oil and are desirable to birds ohio perennial and biennial weed guide 2004. Phytochemical investigations of plantago species revealed the presence of various che mical constituents, i. Click below on a thumbnail map or name for species profiles. Plantago genus includes species wellknown as medicinal plants and others can be used for food and animal feeding p. Plantago, a genus in the family plantaginaceae order lamiales with about 265 species. Plantago helleri small, plantago inflexa morris, and plantago rhodosperma decne. Plantain, major group of banana varieties that are a staple food crop in many tropical areas.
The chemical and physical characteristics of the soils in which plantago species grow have been described by troelstra 1992. Plantago major has been prescribed in various forms such as roasted. Common plantain seeds may be used in the same fashion. The family includes three types of plantago psyllium, plantago coronopus l. Plantago major is used in different kinds of wound and skin diseases in. If you have a notable good or bad experience with any particular strawberry variety, please let us know. Most are herbaceous plants, though a few are subshrubs growing to 60 cm 24 in tall. Culture of plantago species as bioactive components resources. Flowers, vegetables except brassica and beets, cultivated grasses. Hoary plantain, plantago media, is a perennial used as a natural laxative.
Tanaka department of traditional chinese medicine, liaoning college of traditional chinese medicine, shenyang, 110032 liaoning. It is sometimes recommended that the subspecies rank should be used to recognize geographic distinctiveness, whereas the variety rank is appropriate if the taxon is seen. Plants occur on a variety of soil types and textures over the species range. It serves as larval food for many species of butterflies and leaf miners sagar and harper 1964. The plants database includes the following 35 species of plantago. Plantago seeds can help expel mucus from the lungs in the case of infected cough. The plantago is one of the genera in family plantaginaceae, a large genus of herbs or subherbs distributed mostly in the temperate region and a few in the tropics. Species in the genus plantago have a wide range of mating systems, from. Plantago is a genus of about 200 species of small, inconspicuous plants commonly called plantains or fleaworts. Plantago lanceolata was chosen as the test plant partly because experiments by. We do not intend the plant list to be complete for names of infraspecific rank. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext.
Pdf commercially important properties of plants of the genus. Further studies on texas plantago seeds sciencedirect. The plant provides food for butterfly caterpillars, rabbits, deer, and grouse. Shrubs and foliage plants except for rhododendron, azalea, and heath. Plantago major, also known as broadleaf plantain or greater plantain, is one of the most abundant and widespread medicinal crops in the world. Psyllium in the germplasm resources information network grin, u.
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